Oil burner or heater.



No. 669,5"). Patented Mar. l2, l90lv.

l. CULVEB. OIL BURNER 0R HEATER.

(A mlication filed Apr. 23, 1900-) (No ModeL) ms ucnms Pmns 0o. Pmnuumo wAsumcmu 1, r

IRA OULVER, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO.

OIL BURNER OR HEATER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 669,510, dated March 12, 190i.

Application filed April 23, 1900. berial No. 13.906. \No model.)

' To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, IRA OULVER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Cleveland,

in the county of Ouyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Oil Burners or Heaters; and I do declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, which will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to oil burners or heaters of the kind which use a straight wick and have generally operated on the principle of an ordinary kerosene-lamp with a yellow flame.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a part vertical sectional elevation and part plain side elevation of my improved burner. Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional elevation at right angles to the view in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a perspective plan view of the frame about the top of the wick-tube.

A represents the burner bowl or base, which contains the oil, and a is a wick-tube carrying a wick b, operated by a wick raising and lowering device 0. The wick-tube a extends upward a considerable distance above the top of the bowl A and is supported at its top in or by a bar b, centrally and longitudinally of the elevated frame B. This frame stands here on two legs b one at each corner at the front of the bowl and rigid therewith, and a separate leg b at the rear, and serves, among other purposes, as a support for the drum or casing C. The said drum or casing itself rests on a frame D, having lugs or flanges d, over which the drum engages, and elbow projections cl at its rear pivotally supported on the short arms b on frame B. Thus said drum and its support are arranged to tilt back to expose the wick for lighting and trimming, and the pivot elbows cl are passed through openings in the arms I) and so con structed as to rest the drum in tilted position, Fig. 2. Both frames B and D are of the same size, so that D rests flat upon B, and a springlatch or the like d at the front locks the frame D down on B.

The lower frame 13 is described as having a central bar I), with a slot through which the wick passes, and what is substantially an extension of the wick-tube is formed in the same piece with said bar and consists of a wickcarrying flange or support a. This wick flange purposely is given a depth at least as deep relatively as here shown in order to lift or raise the combustion-point well above the bar I) and serve the purposes of the invention, which will presently appear.

E is a suitable perforated commingling and combustion tube within drum 0, fixed at its narrow edges to the frame by means of rivets or the like, and hence rigid therewith. The entire lower edge of the said tube comes down even with the bottom of frame D in this instance, so as to rest close and even down upon the bar I) when in use. Now it will be seen in Fig. 2 that when down in this way the extension a' of the wick-tube runs up quite a way into the comminglingtube E, and it should be especially noticed that the lower series of perforations 2 in this tube come well below the line of combustion. These perforations are designed to be numerous enough and large enough to admit such a volume of fresh air to the burner as will insure not only a blue flame when combustion occurs, but one which will be wholly devoid of offensive odors in a close room by reason of perfect combustion. Actual experience in along series of tests demonstrates that the difference between success in these particulars and failure lies in the important feature of an elevated combustion-point and a tube with airinlets of just the right capacity beneath the initial flame-line to inaugurate and sustain combustion at the wick with a blue flame, and these inlets should be evenly distributed by perforating the tube'itself with holes of a given size all around; but no other air should be admitted on this lower plane, because the least irregularity in this respect will show in yellow points in the flame and detract from the cleanness of the work. Hence l have formed the central bar I) with a flange tabout its top apart from the wick-tube extension at and within which the commingling-tube E rests. Then as it possibly expands under heat it will rest only the more closely against said flange and keep out all wild drafts of air. In the construction thus shown when the wick is raised there are practically two lines of perforations contributing air beneath, and the air coming in this way mixes with the gases or vapors arising out of the wick and forms a mixture not unlike that which comes by means of mixing devices provided in other and different forms of burners. Of course there is no such device here; but there is an air well or space between the wick-tube extension a and the tube E, from which air rises into free combustible relation with the thrown-off vapors of the wick to insure the character of initial combustion which my invention is designed to accomplish. Having this and with the perforations of tube E extending to its top, the combustion is absolutely complete and clean, without odor or carbon or any such thing.

What I claim is- In oil-burners, a base having an oil-reservoir with a wick-opening in its top, in combination with a supporting-frame on said base and having a central bar lengthwise across its top with a slot for the wick and a wickconfining wall extending upward about the top of said slot, the perforated combustiontube and a flanged seat on said central bar for said tube of less elevation than the wicktube, thereby making a close seat and controlling the supply of air .to the burner on a plane beneath combustion from the wick, substantially as described.

Witness my hand to the foregoing specification this 4th day of March, 1900.

IRA CULVER. Witnesses:

H. T. FISHER, R. B. MOSER. 

